Welcome to Blessed documentation!¶

Introduction¶

Blessed is an easy, practical library for making terminal apps, by providing an elegant, well-documented interface to Colors, Keyboard input, and screen position and Location capabilities.

from blessed import Terminal

term = Terminal()

print(term.home + term.clear + term.move_y(term.height // 2))
print(term.black_on_darkkhaki(term.center('press any key to continue.')))

with term.cbreak(), term.hidden_cursor():
    inp = term.inkey()

print(term.move_down(2) + 'You pressed ' + term.bold(repr(inp)))

It’s meant to be fun and easy, to do basic terminal graphics and styling with Python using blessed. Terminal is the only class you need to import and the only object you should need for Terminal capabilities.

Whether you want to improve CLI apps with colors, or make fullscreen applications or games, blessed should help get you started quickly. Your users will love it because it works on Windows, Mac, and Linux, and you will love it because it has plenty of documentation and examples!

Full documentation at https://blessed.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

Examples¶

Animations of x11-colorpicker.py, bounce.py, worms.py, and plasma.py

x11-colorpicker.py, bounce.py, worms.py, and plasma.py, from our repository.

Exemplary 3rd-party examples which use blessed,

Screenshot of 'Voltron' (By the author of Voltron, from their README).

Voltron is an extensible debugger UI toolkit written in Python

Animation of 'cursewords' (By the author of cursewords, from their README).

cursewords is “graphical” command line program for solving crossword puzzles in the terminal.

Animation of 'githeat.interactive', using blessed repository at the time of capture.

GitHeat builds an interactive heatmap of git history.

Animations from 'Dashing' (By the author of Dashing, from their README)

Dashing is a library to quickly create terminal-based dashboards.

Animations from 'Enlighten' (By the author of Enlighten, from their README)

Enlighten is a console progress bar library that allows simultaneous output without redirection.

macht is a clone of the (briefly popular) puzzle game, 2048.

Requirements¶

Blessed works with Windows, Mac, Linux, and BSD’s, on Python 2.7, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.8.

Brief Overview¶

Blessed is more than just a Python wrapper around curses:

Styles, Colors, and maybe a little positioning without necessarily clearing the whole screen first.
Works great with Python’s new f-strings or any other kind of string formatting.
Provides up-to-the-moment Location and terminal height and width, so you can respond to terminal size changes.
Avoids making a mess if the output gets piped to a non-terminal, you can output sequences to any file-like object such as StringIO, files, pipes or sockets.
Uses terminfo(5) so it works with any terminal type and capability: No more C-like calls to tigetstr and tparm.
Non-obtrusive calls to only the capabilities database ensures that you are free to mix and match with calls to any other curses application code or library you like.
Provides context managers Terminal.fullscreen() and Terminal.hidden_cursor() to safely express terminal modes, curses development will no longer fudge up your shell.
Act intelligently when somebody redirects your output to a file, omitting all of the special sequences colors, but still containing all of the text.

Blessed is a fork of blessings, which does all of the same above with the same API, as well as following enhancements:

Windows support, new since Dec. 2019!
Dead-simple keyboard handling: safely decoding unicode input in your system’s preferred locale and supports application/arrow keys.
24-bit color support, using Terminal.color_rgb() and Terminal.on_color_rgb() and all X11 Colors by name, and not by number.
Determine cursor location using Terminal.get_location(), enter key-at-a-time input mode using Terminal.cbreak() or Terminal.raw() context managers, and read timed key presses using Terminal.inkey().
Allows the printable length of strings that contain sequences to be determined by Terminal.length(), supporting additional methods Terminal.wrap() and Terminal.center(), terminal-aware variants of the built-in function textwrap.wrap() and method str.center(), respectively.
Allows sequences to be removed from strings that contain them, using Terminal.strip_seqs() or sequences and whitespace using Terminal.strip().

Before And After¶

With the built-in curses module, this is how you would typically print some underlined text at the bottom of the screen:

from curses import tigetstr, setupterm, tparm
from fcntl import ioctl
from os import isatty
import struct
import sys
from termios import TIOCGWINSZ

# If we want to tolerate having our output piped to other commands or
# files without crashing, we need to do all this branching:
if hasattr(sys.stdout, 'fileno') and isatty(sys.stdout.fileno()):
    setupterm()
    sc = tigetstr('sc')
    cup = tigetstr('cup')
    rc = tigetstr('rc')
    underline = tigetstr('smul')
    normal = tigetstr('sgr0')
else:
    sc = cup = rc = underline = normal = ''

# Save cursor position.
print(sc)

if cup:
    # tigetnum('lines') doesn't always update promptly, hence this:
    height = struct.unpack('hhhh', ioctl(0, TIOCGWINSZ, '\000' * 8))[0]

    # Move cursor to bottom.
    print(tparm(cup, height - 1, 0))

print('This is {under}underlined{normal}!'
      .format(under=underline, normal=normal))

# Restore cursor position.
print(rc)

The same program with Blessed is simply:

from blessed import Terminal

term = Terminal()
with term.location(0, term.height - 1):
    print('This is ' + term.underline('underlined') + '!')

Terminal¶

Blessed provides just one top-level object: Terminal. Instantiating a Terminal figures out whether you’re on a terminal at all and, if so, does any necessary setup:

>>> import blessed
>>> term = blessed.Terminal()

This is the only object, named term here, that you should need from blessed, for all of the remaining examples in our documentation.

You can proceed to ask it all sorts of things about the terminal, such as its size:

>>> term.height, term.width
(34, 102)

Support for Colors:

>>> term.number_of_colors
256

And create printable strings containing sequences for Colors:

>>> term.green_reverse('ALL SYSTEMS GO')
'\x1b[32m\x1b[7mALL SYSTEMS GO\x1b[m'

When printed, these codes make your terminal go to work:

>>> print(term.white_on_firebrick3('SYSTEM OFFLINE'))

And thanks to f-strings since python 3.6, it’s very easy to mix attributes and strings together:

>>> print(f"{term.yellow}Yellow is brown, {term.bright_yellow}"
          f"Bright yellow is actually yellow!{term.normal}")

Capabilities¶

Any capability in the terminfo(5) manual, under column Cap-name can be an attribute of the Terminal class, such as ‘smul’ for ‘begin underline mode’.

There are a lot of interesting capabilities in the terminfo(5) manual page, but many of these will return an empty string, as they are not supported by your terminal. They can still be used, but have no effect. For example, blink only works on a few terminals, does yours?

>>> print(term.blink("Insert System disk into drive A:"))

Compound Formatting¶

If you want to do lots of crazy formatting all at once, you can just mash it all together:

>>> print(term.underline_bold_green_on_yellow('They live! In sewers!'))

This compound notation comes in handy for users & configuration to customize your app, too!

Clearing The Screen¶

Blessed provides syntactic sugar over some screen-clearing capabilities:

clear: Clear the whole screen.
clear_eol: Clear to the end of the line.
clear_bol: Clear backward to the beginning of the line.
clear_eos: Clear to the end of screen.

Suggest to always combine home and clear, and, in almost all emulators, clearing the screen after setting the background color will repaint the background of the screen:

>>> print(term.home + term.on_blue + term.clear)

Hyperlinks¶

Maybe you haven’t noticed, because it’s a recent addition to terminal emulators, is that they can now support hyperlinks, like to HTML, or even file:// URLs, which allows creating clickable links of text.

>>> print(f"blessed {term.link('https://blessed.readthedocs.org', 'documentation')}")
blessed documentation

Hover your cursor over documentation, and it should highlight as a clickable URL.

Animation of running code example and clicking a hyperlink

Styles¶

In addition to Colors, blessed also supports the limited amount of styles that terminals can do. These are:

bold: Turn on ‘extra bright’ mode.
reverse: Switch fore and background attributes.
normal: Reset attributes to default.
underline: Enable underline mode.
no_underline: Disable underline mode.

Note

While the inverse of underline is no_underline, the only way to turn off bold or reverse is normal, which also cancels any custom colors.

Full-Screen Mode¶

If you’ve ever noticed how a program like vim(1) restores you to your unix shell history after exiting, it’s actually a pretty basic trick that all terminal emulators support, that blessed provides using the fullscreen() context manager over these two basic capabilities:

enter_fullscreen: Switch to alternate screen, previous screen is stored by terminal driver.
exit_fullscreen: Switch back to standard screen, restoring the same terminal screen.

with term.fullscreen(), term.cbreak():
    print(term.move_y(term.height // 2) +
          term.center('press any key').rstrip())
    term.inkey()

Pipe Savvy¶

If your program isn’t attached to a terminal, such as piped to a program like less(1) or redirected to a file, all the capability attributes on Terminal will return empty strings for any Colors, Location, or other sequences. You’ll get a nice-looking file without any formatting codes gumming up the works.

If you want to override this, such as when piping output to less -R, pass argument value True to the force_styling parameter.

In any case, there is a does_styling attribute that lets you see whether the terminal attached to the output stream is capable of formatting. If it is False, you may refrain from drawing progress bars and other frippery and just stick to content:

if term.does_styling:
    with term.location(x=0, y=term.height - 1):
        print('Progress: [=======>   ]')
print(term.bold("60%"))

Colors¶

Doing colors with blessed is easy, pick a color name from the All Terminal colors, by name below, any of these named are also attributes of the Terminal!

These attributes can be printed directly, causing the terminal to switch into the given color. Or, as a callable, which terminates the string with the normal attribute. The following three statements are equivalent:

>>> print(term.orangered + 'All systems are offline' + term.normal)
>>> print(f'{term.orangered}All systems are offline{term.normal}')
>>> print(term.orangered('All systems are offline'))

To use a background color, prefix any color with on_:

>>> print(term.on_darkolivegreen('welcome to the army'))

And combine two colors using “_on_”, as in “foreground_on_background”:

>>> print(term.peru_on_seagreen('All systems functioning within defined parameters.'))

24-bit Colors¶

Most Terminal emulators, even Windows, has supported 24-bit colors since roughly 2016. To test or force-set whether the terminal emulator supports 24-bit colors, check or set the terminal attribute number_of_colors():

>>> print(term.number_of_colors == 1 << 24)
True

Even if the terminal only supports 256, or worse, 16 colors, the nearest color supported by the terminal is automatically mapped:

>>> term.number_of_colors = 1 << 24
>>> term.darkolivegreen
'\x1b[38;2;85;107;47m'

>>> term.number_of_colors = 256
>>> term.darkolivegreen
'\x1b[38;5;58m'

>>> term.number_of_colors = 16
>>> term.darkolivegreen
'\x1b[90m'

And finally, the direct (r, g, b) values of 0-255 can be used for color_rgb() and on_color_rgb() for foreground and background colors, to access each and every color!

All Terminal colors, by name¶
Name	R	G	B	H	S	V
red	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	100.0%
red2	93.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	93.3%
red3	80.4%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	80.4%
snow	100.0%	98.0%	98.0%	0.0%	2.0%	100.0%
snow2	93.3%	91.4%	91.4%	0.0%	2.1%	93.3%
snow3	80.4%	78.8%	78.8%	0.0%	2.0%	80.4%
snow4	54.5%	53.7%	53.7%	0.0%	1.4%	54.5%
brown	64.7%	16.5%	16.5%	0.0%	74.5%	64.7%
brown1	100.0%	25.1%	25.1%	0.0%	74.9%	100.0%
brown2	93.3%	23.1%	23.1%	0.0%	75.2%	93.3%
brown3	80.4%	20.0%	20.0%	0.0%	75.1%	80.4%
brown4	54.5%	13.7%	13.7%	0.0%	74.8%	54.5%
darkred	54.5%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	54.5%
indianred	80.4%	36.1%	36.1%	0.0%	55.1%	80.4%
indianred1	100.0%	41.6%	41.6%	0.0%	58.4%	100.0%
indianred2	93.3%	38.8%	38.8%	0.0%	58.4%	93.3%
indianred3	80.4%	33.3%	33.3%	0.0%	58.5%	80.4%
indianred4	54.5%	22.7%	22.7%	0.0%	58.3%	54.5%
firebrick	69.8%	13.3%	13.3%	0.0%	80.9%	69.8%
firebrick1	100.0%	18.8%	18.8%	0.0%	81.2%	100.0%
firebrick2	93.3%	17.3%	17.3%	0.0%	81.5%	93.3%
firebrick3	80.4%	14.9%	14.9%	0.0%	81.5%	80.4%
firebrick4	54.5%	10.2%	10.2%	0.0%	81.3%	54.5%
webmaroon	50.2%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	50.2%
rosybrown	73.7%	56.1%	56.1%	0.0%	23.9%	73.7%
rosybrown1	100.0%	75.7%	75.7%	0.0%	24.3%	100.0%
rosybrown2	93.3%	70.6%	70.6%	0.0%	24.4%	93.3%
rosybrown3	80.4%	60.8%	60.8%	0.0%	24.4%	80.4%
rosybrown4	54.5%	41.2%	41.2%	0.0%	24.5%	54.5%
lightcoral	94.1%	50.2%	50.2%	0.0%	46.7%	94.1%
salmon	98.0%	50.2%	44.7%	1.7%	54.4%	98.0%
mistyrose	100.0%	89.4%	88.2%	1.7%	11.8%	100.0%
mistyrose2	93.3%	83.5%	82.4%	1.8%	11.8%	93.3%
mistyrose3	80.4%	71.8%	71.0%	1.4%	11.7%	80.4%
coral1	100.0%	44.7%	33.7%	2.8%	66.3%	100.0%
coral2	93.3%	41.6%	31.4%	2.7%	66.4%	93.3%
coral3	80.4%	35.7%	27.1%	2.7%	66.3%	80.4%
coral4	54.5%	24.3%	18.4%	2.7%	66.2%	54.5%
tomato	100.0%	38.8%	27.8%	2.5%	72.2%	100.0%
tomato2	93.3%	36.1%	25.9%	2.5%	72.3%	93.3%
tomato3	80.4%	31.0%	22.4%	2.5%	72.2%	80.4%
tomato4	54.5%	21.2%	14.9%	2.6%	72.7%	54.5%
mistyrose4	54.5%	49.0%	48.2%	2.1%	11.5%	54.5%
salmon1	100.0%	54.9%	41.2%	3.9%	58.8%	100.0%
salmon2	93.3%	51.0%	38.4%	3.8%	58.8%	93.3%
salmon3	80.4%	43.9%	32.9%	3.9%	59.0%	80.4%
salmon4	54.5%	29.8%	22.4%	3.9%	59.0%	54.5%
coral	100.0%	49.8%	31.4%	4.5%	68.6%	100.0%
orangered	100.0%	27.1%	0.0%	4.5%	100.0%	100.0%
orangered2	93.3%	25.1%	0.0%	4.5%	100.0%	93.3%
orangered3	80.4%	21.6%	0.0%	4.5%	100.0%	80.4%
orangered4	54.5%	14.5%	0.0%	4.4%	100.0%	54.5%
darksalmon	91.4%	58.8%	47.8%	4.2%	47.6%	91.4%
lightsalmon	100.0%	62.7%	47.8%	4.8%	52.2%	100.0%
lightsalmon2	93.3%	58.4%	44.7%	4.7%	52.1%	93.3%
lightsalmon3	80.4%	50.6%	38.4%	4.8%	52.2%	80.4%
lightsalmon4	54.5%	34.1%	25.9%	4.8%	52.5%	54.5%
sienna	62.7%	32.2%	17.6%	5.4%	71.9%	62.7%
sienna1	100.0%	51.0%	27.8%	5.3%	72.2%	100.0%
sienna2	93.3%	47.5%	25.9%	5.3%	72.3%	93.3%
sienna3	80.4%	40.8%	22.4%	5.3%	72.2%	80.4%
sienna4	54.5%	27.8%	14.9%	5.4%	72.7%	54.5%
seashell	100.0%	96.1%	93.3%	6.9%	6.7%	100.0%
chocolate	82.4%	41.2%	11.8%	6.9%	85.7%	82.4%
chocolate1	100.0%	49.8%	14.1%	6.9%	85.9%	100.0%
chocolate2	93.3%	46.3%	12.9%	6.9%	86.1%	93.3%
chocolate3	80.4%	40.0%	11.4%	6.9%	85.9%	80.4%
chocolate4	54.5%	27.1%	7.5%	6.9%	86.3%	54.5%
seashell2	93.3%	89.8%	87.1%	7.3%	6.7%	93.3%
seashell3	80.4%	77.3%	74.9%	7.1%	6.8%	80.4%
seashell4	54.5%	52.5%	51.0%	7.4%	6.5%	54.5%
peachpuff	100.0%	85.5%	72.5%	7.9%	27.5%	100.0%
peachpuff2	93.3%	79.6%	67.8%	7.7%	27.3%	93.3%
peachpuff3	80.4%	68.6%	58.4%	7.7%	27.3%	80.4%
peachpuff4	54.5%	46.7%	39.6%	7.9%	27.3%	54.5%
sandybrown	95.7%	64.3%	37.6%	7.7%	60.7%	95.7%
tan1	100.0%	64.7%	31.0%	8.1%	69.0%	100.0%
tan2	93.3%	60.4%	28.6%	8.2%	69.3%	93.3%
tan4	54.5%	35.3%	16.9%	8.2%	69.1%	54.5%
peru	80.4%	52.2%	24.7%	8.2%	69.3%	80.4%
linen	98.0%	94.1%	90.2%	8.3%	8.0%	98.0%
bisque3	80.4%	71.8%	62.0%	8.9%	22.9%	80.4%
darkorange1	100.0%	49.8%	0.0%	8.3%	100.0%	100.0%
darkorange2	93.3%	46.3%	0.0%	8.3%	100.0%	93.3%
darkorange3	80.4%	40.0%	0.0%	8.3%	100.0%	80.4%
darkorange4	54.5%	27.1%	0.0%	8.3%	100.0%	54.5%
tan	82.4%	70.6%	54.9%	9.5%	33.3%	82.4%
bisque	100.0%	89.4%	76.9%	9.0%	23.1%	100.0%
bisque2	93.3%	83.5%	71.8%	9.1%	23.1%	93.3%
bisque4	54.5%	49.0%	42.0%	9.4%	23.0%	54.5%
burlywood	87.1%	72.2%	52.9%	9.4%	39.2%	87.1%
burlywood1	100.0%	82.7%	60.8%	9.3%	39.2%	100.0%
burlywood2	93.3%	77.3%	56.9%	9.3%	39.1%	93.3%
burlywood3	80.4%	66.7%	49.0%	9.4%	39.0%	80.4%
burlywood4	54.5%	45.1%	33.3%	9.3%	38.8%	54.5%
darkorange	100.0%	54.9%	0.0%	9.2%	100.0%	100.0%
navajowhite	100.0%	87.1%	67.8%	10.0%	32.2%	100.0%
navajowhite2	93.3%	81.2%	63.1%	10.0%	32.4%	93.3%
antiquewhite	98.0%	92.2%	84.3%	9.5%	14.0%	98.0%
antiquewhite1	100.0%	93.7%	85.9%	9.3%	14.1%	100.0%
antiquewhite2	93.3%	87.5%	80.0%	9.3%	14.3%	93.3%
antiquewhite3	80.4%	75.3%	69.0%	9.2%	14.1%	80.4%
antiquewhite4	54.5%	51.4%	47.1%	9.6%	13.7%	54.5%
wheat	96.1%	87.1%	70.2%	10.9%	26.9%	96.1%
wheat1	100.0%	90.6%	72.9%	10.9%	27.1%	100.0%
wheat2	93.3%	84.7%	68.2%	10.9%	26.9%	93.3%
wheat3	80.4%	72.9%	58.8%	10.9%	26.8%	80.4%
wheat4	54.5%	49.4%	40.0%	10.8%	26.6%	54.5%
orange	100.0%	64.7%	0.0%	10.8%	100.0%	100.0%
orange2	93.3%	60.4%	0.0%	10.8%	100.0%	93.3%
orange3	80.4%	52.2%	0.0%	10.8%	100.0%	80.4%
orange4	54.5%	35.3%	0.0%	10.8%	100.0%	54.5%
oldlace	99.2%	96.1%	90.2%	10.9%	9.1%	99.2%
moccasin	100.0%	89.4%	71.0%	10.6%	29.0%	100.0%
papayawhip	100.0%	93.7%	83.5%	10.3%	16.5%	100.0%
navajowhite3	80.4%	70.2%	54.5%	10.1%	32.2%	80.4%
navajowhite4	54.5%	47.5%	36.9%	10.0%	32.4%	54.5%
blanchedalmond	100.0%	92.2%	80.4%	10.0%	19.6%	100.0%
goldenrod	85.5%	64.7%	12.5%	11.9%	85.3%	85.5%
goldenrod1	100.0%	75.7%	14.5%	11.9%	85.5%	100.0%
goldenrod2	93.3%	70.6%	13.3%	11.9%	85.7%	93.3%
goldenrod3	80.4%	60.8%	11.4%	11.9%	85.9%	80.4%
goldenrod4	54.5%	41.2%	7.8%	11.9%	85.6%	54.5%
floralwhite	100.0%	98.0%	94.1%	11.1%	5.9%	100.0%
darkgoldenrod	72.2%	52.5%	4.3%	11.8%	94.0%	72.2%
darkgoldenrod1	100.0%	72.5%	5.9%	11.8%	94.1%	100.0%
darkgoldenrod2	93.3%	67.8%	5.5%	11.8%	94.1%	93.3%
darkgoldenrod3	80.4%	58.4%	4.7%	11.8%	94.1%	80.4%
darkgoldenrod4	54.5%	39.6%	3.1%	11.8%	94.2%	54.5%
cornsilk	100.0%	97.3%	86.3%	13.3%	13.7%	100.0%
cornsilk2	93.3%	91.0%	80.4%	13.6%	13.9%	93.3%
cornsilk3	80.4%	78.4%	69.4%	13.7%	13.7%	80.4%
lightgoldenrod1	100.0%	92.5%	54.5%	13.9%	45.5%	100.0%
lightgoldenrod2	93.3%	86.3%	51.0%	13.9%	45.4%	93.3%
lightgoldenrod3	80.4%	74.5%	43.9%	14.0%	45.4%	80.4%
gold	100.0%	84.3%	0.0%	14.1%	100.0%	100.0%
gold2	93.3%	78.8%	0.0%	14.1%	100.0%	93.3%
gold3	80.4%	67.8%	0.0%	14.1%	100.0%	80.4%
gold4	54.5%	45.9%	0.0%	14.0%	100.0%	54.5%
cornsilk4	54.5%	53.3%	47.1%	14.0%	13.7%	54.5%
lemonchiffon2	93.3%	91.4%	74.9%	14.9%	19.7%	93.3%
lightgoldenrod	93.3%	86.7%	51.0%	14.0%	45.4%	93.3%
lightgoldenrod4	54.5%	50.6%	29.8%	14.0%	45.3%	54.5%
khaki	94.1%	90.2%	54.9%	15.0%	41.7%	94.1%
khaki1	100.0%	96.5%	56.1%	15.3%	43.9%	100.0%
khaki2	93.3%	90.2%	52.2%	15.4%	44.1%	93.3%
khaki3	80.4%	77.6%	45.1%	15.4%	43.9%	80.4%
khaki4	54.5%	52.5%	30.6%	15.3%	43.9%	54.5%
darkkhaki	74.1%	71.8%	42.0%	15.4%	43.4%	74.1%
lemonchiffon	100.0%	98.0%	80.4%	15.0%	19.6%	100.0%
lemonchiffon3	80.4%	78.8%	64.7%	15.0%	19.5%	80.4%
lemonchiffon4	54.5%	53.7%	43.9%	15.4%	19.4%	54.5%
palegoldenrod	93.3%	91.0%	66.7%	15.2%	28.6%	93.3%
beige	96.1%	96.1%	86.3%	16.7%	10.2%	96.1%
olive	50.2%	50.2%	0.0%	16.7%	100.0%	50.2%
ivory	100.0%	100.0%	94.1%	16.7%	5.9%	100.0%
ivory2	93.3%	93.3%	87.8%	16.7%	5.9%	93.3%
ivory3	80.4%	80.4%	75.7%	16.7%	5.9%	80.4%
ivory4	54.5%	54.5%	51.4%	16.7%	5.8%	54.5%
yellow	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%	16.7%	100.0%	100.0%
yellow2	93.3%	93.3%	0.0%	16.7%	100.0%	93.3%
yellow3	80.4%	80.4%	0.0%	16.7%	100.0%	80.4%
yellow4	54.5%	54.5%	0.0%	16.7%	100.0%	54.5%
lightyellow	100.0%	100.0%	87.8%	16.7%	12.2%	100.0%
lightyellow2	93.3%	93.3%	82.0%	16.7%	12.2%	93.3%
lightyellow3	80.4%	80.4%	70.6%	16.7%	12.2%	80.4%
lightyellow4	54.5%	54.5%	47.8%	16.7%	12.2%	54.5%
lightgoldenrodyellow	98.0%	98.0%	82.4%	16.7%	16.0%	98.0%
olivedrab	42.0%	55.7%	13.7%	22.1%	75.4%	55.7%
olivedrab1	75.3%	100.0%	24.3%	22.1%	75.7%	100.0%
olivedrab2	70.2%	93.3%	22.7%	22.1%	75.6%	93.3%
olivedrab3	60.4%	80.4%	19.6%	22.2%	75.6%	80.4%
olivedrab4	41.2%	54.5%	13.3%	22.1%	75.5%	54.5%
darkolivegreen	33.3%	42.0%	18.4%	22.8%	56.1%	42.0%
darkolivegreen1	79.2%	100.0%	43.9%	22.8%	56.1%	100.0%
darkolivegreen2	73.7%	93.3%	40.8%	22.9%	56.3%	93.3%
darkolivegreen3	63.5%	80.4%	35.3%	22.9%	56.1%	80.4%
darkolivegreen4	43.1%	54.5%	23.9%	22.9%	56.1%	54.5%
greenyellow	67.8%	100.0%	18.4%	23.2%	81.6%	100.0%
lawngreen	48.6%	98.8%	0.0%	25.1%	100.0%	98.8%
chartreuse	49.8%	100.0%	0.0%	25.0%	100.0%	100.0%
chartreuse2	46.3%	93.3%	0.0%	25.1%	100.0%	93.3%
chartreuse3	40.0%	80.4%	0.0%	25.0%	100.0%	80.4%
chartreuse4	27.1%	54.5%	0.0%	25.1%	100.0%	54.5%
green	0.0%	100.0%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	100.0%
green2	0.0%	93.3%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	93.3%
green3	0.0%	80.4%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	80.4%
green4	0.0%	54.5%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	54.5%
webgreen	0.0%	50.2%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	50.2%
honeydew	94.1%	100.0%	94.1%	33.3%	5.9%	100.0%
honeydew2	87.8%	93.3%	87.8%	33.3%	5.9%	93.3%
honeydew3	75.7%	80.4%	75.7%	33.3%	5.9%	80.4%
honeydew4	51.4%	54.5%	51.4%	33.3%	5.8%	54.5%
darkgreen	0.0%	39.2%	0.0%	33.3%	100.0%	39.2%
palegreen	59.6%	98.4%	59.6%	33.3%	39.4%	98.4%
palegreen1	60.4%	100.0%	60.4%	33.3%	39.6%	100.0%
palegreen3	48.6%	80.4%	48.6%	33.3%	39.5%	80.4%
palegreen4	32.9%	54.5%	32.9%	33.3%	39.6%	54.5%
limegreen	19.6%	80.4%	19.6%	33.3%	75.6%	80.4%
lightgreen	56.5%	93.3%	56.5%	33.3%	39.5%	93.3%
forestgreen	13.3%	54.5%	13.3%	33.3%	75.5%	54.5%
darkseagreen	56.1%	73.7%	56.1%	33.3%	23.9%	73.7%
darkseagreen1	75.7%	100.0%	75.7%	33.3%	24.3%	100.0%
darkseagreen2	70.6%	93.3%	70.6%	33.3%	24.4%	93.3%
darkseagreen3	60.8%	80.4%	60.8%	33.3%	24.4%	80.4%
darkseagreen4	41.2%	54.5%	41.2%	33.3%	24.5%	54.5%
seagreen	18.0%	54.5%	34.1%	40.7%	66.9%	54.5%
seagreen1	32.9%	100.0%	62.4%	40.6%	67.1%	100.0%
seagreen2	30.6%	93.3%	58.0%	40.6%	67.2%	93.3%
seagreen3	26.3%	80.4%	50.2%	40.7%	67.3%	80.4%
mediumseagreen	23.5%	70.2%	44.3%	40.8%	66.5%	70.2%
mintcream	96.1%	100.0%	98.0%	41.7%	3.9%	100.0%
springgreen	0.0%	100.0%	49.8%	41.6%	100.0%	100.0%
springgreen2	0.0%	93.3%	46.3%	41.6%	100.0%	93.3%
springgreen3	0.0%	80.4%	40.0%	41.6%	100.0%	80.4%
springgreen4	0.0%	54.5%	27.1%	41.6%	100.0%	54.5%
mediumspringgreen	0.0%	98.0%	60.4%	43.6%	100.0%	98.0%
aquamarine	49.8%	100.0%	83.1%	44.4%	50.2%	100.0%
aquamarine2	46.3%	93.3%	77.6%	44.4%	50.4%	93.3%
aquamarine3	40.0%	80.4%	66.7%	44.3%	50.2%	80.4%
aquamarine4	27.1%	54.5%	45.5%	44.5%	50.4%	54.5%
turquoise	25.1%	87.8%	81.6%	48.3%	71.4%	87.8%
lightseagreen	12.5%	69.8%	66.7%	49.1%	82.0%	69.8%
mediumturquoise	28.2%	82.0%	80.0%	49.4%	65.6%	82.0%
teal	0.0%	50.2%	50.2%	50.0%	100.0%	50.2%
aqua	0.0%	100.0%	100.0%	50.0%	100.0%	100.0%
cyan2	0.0%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	100.0%	93.3%
cyan3	0.0%	80.4%	80.4%	50.0%	100.0%	80.4%
cyan4	0.0%	54.5%	54.5%	50.0%	100.0%	54.5%
azure	94.1%	100.0%	100.0%	50.0%	5.9%	100.0%
azure2	87.8%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	5.9%	93.3%
azure3	75.7%	80.4%	80.4%	50.0%	5.9%	80.4%
azure4	51.4%	54.5%	54.5%	50.0%	5.8%	54.5%
cadetblue	37.3%	62.0%	62.7%	50.5%	40.6%	62.7%
lightcyan	87.8%	100.0%	100.0%	50.0%	12.2%	100.0%
lightcyan2	82.0%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	12.2%	93.3%
lightcyan3	70.6%	80.4%	80.4%	50.0%	12.2%	80.4%
lightcyan4	47.8%	54.5%	54.5%	50.0%	12.2%	54.5%
turquoise1	0.0%	96.1%	100.0%	50.7%	100.0%	100.0%
turquoise2	0.0%	89.8%	93.3%	50.6%	100.0%	93.3%
turquoise3	0.0%	77.3%	80.4%	50.7%	100.0%	80.4%
turquoise4	0.0%	52.5%	54.5%	50.6%	100.0%	54.5%
darkslategray	18.4%	31.0%	31.0%	50.0%	40.5%	31.0%
darkslategray1	59.2%	100.0%	100.0%	50.0%	40.8%	100.0%
darkslategray2	55.3%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	40.8%	93.3%
darkslategray3	47.5%	80.4%	80.4%	50.0%	41.0%	80.4%
darkslategray4	32.2%	54.5%	54.5%	50.0%	41.0%	54.5%
darkturquoise	0.0%	80.8%	82.0%	50.2%	100.0%	82.0%
paleturquoise	68.6%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	26.5%	93.3%
paleturquoise1	73.3%	100.0%	100.0%	50.0%	26.7%	100.0%
paleturquoise2	68.2%	93.3%	93.3%	50.0%	26.9%	93.3%
paleturquoise3	58.8%	80.4%	80.4%	50.0%	26.8%	80.4%
paleturquoise4	40.0%	54.5%	54.5%	50.0%	26.6%	54.5%
cadetblue1	59.6%	96.1%	100.0%	51.6%	40.4%	100.0%
cadetblue2	55.7%	89.8%	93.3%	51.6%	40.3%	93.3%
cadetblue3	47.8%	77.3%	80.4%	51.6%	40.5%	80.4%
cadetblue4	32.5%	52.5%	54.5%	51.5%	40.3%	54.5%
powderblue	69.0%	87.8%	90.2%	51.9%	23.5%	90.2%
lightblue4	40.8%	51.4%	54.5%	53.8%	25.2%	54.5%
skyblue	52.9%	80.8%	92.2%	54.8%	42.6%	92.2%
lightblue	67.8%	84.7%	90.2%	54.1%	24.8%	90.2%
lightblue1	74.9%	93.7%	100.0%	54.2%	25.1%	100.0%
lightblue2	69.8%	87.5%	93.3%	54.2%	25.2%	93.3%
lightblue3	60.4%	75.3%	80.4%	54.2%	24.9%	80.4%
deepskyblue	0.0%	74.9%	100.0%	54.2%	100.0%	100.0%
deepskyblue2	0.0%	69.8%	93.3%	54.2%	100.0%	93.3%
deepskyblue3	0.0%	60.4%	80.4%	54.1%	100.0%	80.4%
deepskyblue4	0.0%	40.8%	54.5%	54.2%	100.0%	54.5%
lightskyblue3	55.3%	71.4%	80.4%	56.0%	31.2%	80.4%
skyblue1	52.9%	80.8%	100.0%	56.8%	47.1%	100.0%
skyblue2	49.4%	75.3%	93.3%	56.8%	47.1%	93.3%
skyblue3	42.4%	65.1%	80.4%	56.7%	47.3%	80.4%
skyblue4	29.0%	43.9%	54.5%	56.9%	46.8%	54.5%
lightskyblue	52.9%	80.8%	98.0%	56.4%	46.0%	98.0%
lightskyblue1	69.0%	88.6%	100.0%	56.1%	31.0%	100.0%
lightskyblue2	64.3%	82.7%	93.3%	56.1%	31.1%	93.3%
lightskyblue4	37.6%	48.2%	54.5%	56.2%	30.9%	54.5%
aliceblue	94.1%	97.3%	100.0%	57.8%	5.9%	100.0%
steelblue	27.5%	51.0%	70.6%	57.6%	61.1%	70.6%
steelblue1	38.8%	72.2%	100.0%	57.6%	61.2%	100.0%
steelblue2	36.1%	67.5%	93.3%	57.5%	61.3%	93.3%
steelblue3	31.0%	58.0%	80.4%	57.5%	61.5%	80.4%
steelblue4	21.2%	39.2%	54.5%	57.6%	61.2%	54.5%
slategray	43.9%	50.2%	56.5%	58.3%	22.2%	56.5%
slategray1	77.6%	88.6%	100.0%	58.5%	22.4%	100.0%
slategray2	72.5%	82.7%	93.3%	58.5%	22.3%	93.3%
slategray3	62.4%	71.4%	80.4%	58.3%	22.4%	80.4%
slategray4	42.4%	48.2%	54.5%	58.6%	22.3%	54.5%
dodgerblue	11.8%	56.5%	100.0%	58.2%	88.2%	100.0%
dodgerblue2	11.0%	52.5%	93.3%	58.3%	88.2%	93.3%
dodgerblue3	9.4%	45.5%	80.4%	58.2%	88.3%	80.4%
dodgerblue4	6.3%	30.6%	54.5%	58.3%	88.5%	54.5%
lightslategray	46.7%	53.3%	60.0%	58.3%	22.2%	60.0%
lightsteelblue	69.0%	76.9%	87.1%	59.4%	20.7%	87.1%
lightsteelblue1	79.2%	88.2%	100.0%	59.4%	20.8%	100.0%
lightsteelblue2	73.7%	82.4%	93.3%	59.3%	21.0%	93.3%
lightsteelblue3	63.5%	71.0%	80.4%	59.3%	21.0%	80.4%
lightsteelblue4	43.1%	48.2%	54.5%	59.2%	20.9%	54.5%
cornflowerblue	39.2%	58.4%	92.9%	60.7%	57.8%	92.9%
royalblue	25.5%	41.2%	88.2%	62.5%	71.1%	88.2%
royalblue1	28.2%	46.3%	100.0%	62.5%	71.8%	100.0%
royalblue2	26.3%	43.1%	93.3%	62.5%	71.8%	93.3%
royalblue3	22.7%	37.3%	80.4%	62.5%	71.7%	80.4%
royalblue4	15.3%	25.1%	54.5%	62.5%	71.9%	54.5%
blue	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%	66.7%	100.0%	100.0%
blue2	0.0%	0.0%	93.3%	66.7%	100.0%	93.3%
blue3	0.0%	0.0%	80.4%	66.7%	100.0%	80.4%
blue4	0.0%	0.0%	54.5%	66.7%	100.0%	54.5%
navy	0.0%	0.0%	50.2%	66.7%	100.0%	50.2%
lavender	90.2%	90.2%	98.0%	66.7%	8.0%	98.0%
ghostwhite	97.3%	97.3%	100.0%	66.7%	2.7%	100.0%
midnightblue	9.8%	9.8%	43.9%	66.7%	77.7%	43.9%
slateblue	41.6%	35.3%	80.4%	69.0%	56.1%	80.4%
slateblue1	51.4%	43.5%	100.0%	69.0%	56.5%	100.0%
slateblue3	41.2%	34.9%	80.4%	69.0%	56.6%	80.4%
slateblue4	27.8%	23.5%	54.5%	69.0%	56.8%	54.5%
lightslateblue	51.8%	43.9%	100.0%	69.0%	56.1%	100.0%
slateblue2	47.8%	40.4%	93.3%	69.0%	56.7%	93.3%
darkslateblue	28.2%	23.9%	54.5%	69.0%	56.1%	54.5%
mediumslateblue	48.2%	40.8%	93.3%	69.0%	56.3%	93.3%
mediumpurple	57.6%	43.9%	85.9%	72.1%	48.9%	85.9%
mediumpurple1	67.1%	51.0%	100.0%	72.1%	49.0%	100.0%
mediumpurple2	62.4%	47.5%	93.3%	72.1%	49.2%	93.3%
mediumpurple3	53.7%	40.8%	80.4%	72.1%	49.3%	80.4%
mediumpurple4	36.5%	27.8%	54.5%	72.1%	48.9%	54.5%
purple1	60.8%	18.8%	100.0%	75.3%	81.2%	100.0%
purple2	56.9%	17.3%	93.3%	75.3%	81.5%	93.3%
purple3	49.0%	14.9%	80.4%	75.3%	81.5%	80.4%
purple4	33.3%	10.2%	54.5%	75.4%	81.3%	54.5%
blueviolet	54.1%	16.9%	88.6%	75.3%	81.0%	88.6%
rebeccapurple	40.0%	20.0%	60.0%	75.0%	66.7%	60.0%
indigo	29.4%	0.0%	51.0%	76.3%	100.0%	51.0%
purple	62.7%	12.5%	94.1%	76.9%	86.7%	94.1%
darkorchid	60.0%	19.6%	80.0%	77.8%	75.5%	80.0%
darkorchid1	74.9%	24.3%	100.0%	77.8%	75.7%	100.0%
darkorchid2	69.8%	22.7%	93.3%	77.8%	75.6%	93.3%
darkorchid3	60.4%	19.6%	80.4%	77.8%	75.6%	80.4%
darkorchid4	40.8%	13.3%	54.5%	77.8%	75.5%	54.5%
darkviolet	58.0%	0.0%	82.7%	78.4%	100.0%	82.7%
mediumorchid1	87.8%	40.0%	100.0%	80.0%	60.0%	100.0%
mediumorchid2	82.0%	37.3%	93.3%	80.0%	60.1%	93.3%
mediumorchid3	70.6%	32.2%	80.4%	79.9%	60.0%	80.4%
mediumorchid4	47.8%	21.6%	54.5%	80.0%	60.4%	54.5%
mediumorchid	72.9%	33.3%	82.7%	80.0%	59.7%	82.7%
plum	86.7%	62.7%	86.7%	83.3%	27.6%	86.7%
plum1	100.0%	73.3%	100.0%	83.3%	26.7%	100.0%
plum2	93.3%	68.2%	93.3%	83.3%	26.9%	93.3%
plum3	80.4%	58.8%	80.4%	83.3%	26.8%	80.4%
plum4	54.5%	40.0%	54.5%	83.3%	26.6%	54.5%
orchid	85.5%	43.9%	83.9%	84.0%	48.6%	85.5%
orchid4	54.5%	27.8%	53.7%	83.8%	48.9%	54.5%
violet	93.3%	51.0%	93.3%	83.3%	45.4%	93.3%
magenta2	93.3%	0.0%	93.3%	83.3%	100.0%	93.3%
magenta3	80.4%	0.0%	80.4%	83.3%	100.0%	80.4%
fuchsia	100.0%	0.0%	100.0%	83.3%	100.0%	100.0%
thistle	84.7%	74.9%	84.7%	83.3%	11.6%	84.7%
thistle1	100.0%	88.2%	100.0%	83.3%	11.8%	100.0%
thistle2	93.3%	82.4%	93.3%	83.3%	11.8%	93.3%
thistle3	80.4%	71.0%	80.4%	83.3%	11.7%	80.4%
thistle4	54.5%	48.2%	54.5%	83.3%	11.5%	54.5%
webpurple	50.2%	0.0%	50.2%	83.3%	100.0%	50.2%
darkmagenta	54.5%	0.0%	54.5%	83.3%	100.0%	54.5%
orchid1	100.0%	51.4%	98.0%	84.0%	48.6%	100.0%
orchid2	93.3%	47.8%	91.4%	84.1%	48.7%	93.3%
orchid3	80.4%	41.2%	78.8%	84.0%	48.8%	80.4%
maroon1	100.0%	20.4%	70.2%	89.6%	79.6%	100.0%
maroon2	93.3%	18.8%	65.5%	89.6%	79.8%	93.3%
maroon3	80.4%	16.1%	56.5%	89.5%	80.0%	80.4%
maroon4	54.5%	11.0%	38.4%	89.5%	79.9%	54.5%
violetred	81.6%	12.5%	56.5%	89.4%	84.6%	81.6%
mediumvioletred	78.0%	8.2%	52.2%	89.5%	89.4%	78.0%
deeppink	100.0%	7.8%	57.6%	91.0%	92.2%	100.0%
deeppink2	93.3%	7.1%	53.7%	91.0%	92.4%	93.3%
deeppink4	54.5%	3.9%	31.4%	91.0%	92.8%	54.5%
hotpink	100.0%	41.2%	70.6%	91.7%	58.8%	100.0%
hotpink1	100.0%	43.1%	70.6%	92.0%	56.9%	100.0%
hotpink4	54.5%	22.7%	38.4%	91.8%	58.3%	54.5%
deeppink3	80.4%	6.3%	46.3%	91.0%	92.2%	80.4%
hotpink2	93.3%	41.6%	65.5%	92.3%	55.5%	93.3%
hotpink3	80.4%	37.6%	56.5%	92.7%	53.2%	80.4%
violetred1	100.0%	24.3%	58.8%	92.4%	75.7%	100.0%
violetred2	93.3%	22.7%	54.9%	92.4%	75.6%	93.3%
violetred3	80.4%	19.6%	47.1%	92.5%	75.6%	80.4%
violetred4	54.5%	13.3%	32.2%	92.4%	75.5%	54.5%
maroon	69.0%	18.8%	37.6%	93.8%	72.7%	69.0%
lavenderblush4	54.5%	51.4%	52.5%	93.8%	5.8%	54.5%
lavenderblush	100.0%	94.1%	96.1%	94.4%	5.9%	100.0%
lavenderblush2	93.3%	87.8%	89.8%	94.0%	5.9%	93.3%
lavenderblush3	80.4%	75.7%	77.3%	94.4%	5.9%	80.4%
palevioletred	85.9%	43.9%	57.6%	94.5%	48.9%	85.9%
palevioletred1	100.0%	51.0%	67.1%	94.5%	49.0%	100.0%
palevioletred2	93.3%	47.5%	62.4%	94.6%	49.2%	93.3%
palevioletred3	80.4%	40.8%	53.7%	94.6%	49.3%	80.4%
palevioletred4	54.5%	27.8%	36.5%	94.6%	48.9%	54.5%
pink1	100.0%	71.0%	77.3%	96.4%	29.0%	100.0%
pink2	93.3%	66.3%	72.2%	96.4%	29.0%	93.3%
pink3	80.4%	56.9%	62.0%	96.4%	29.3%	80.4%
pink4	54.5%	38.8%	42.4%	96.2%	28.8%	54.5%
crimson	86.3%	7.8%	23.5%	96.7%	90.9%	86.3%
pink	100.0%	75.3%	79.6%	97.1%	24.7%	100.0%
lightpink	100.0%	71.4%	75.7%	97.5%	28.6%	100.0%
lightpink1	100.0%	68.2%	72.5%	97.7%	31.8%	100.0%
lightpink2	93.3%	63.5%	67.8%	97.6%	31.9%	93.3%
lightpink3	80.4%	54.9%	58.4%	97.7%	31.7%	80.4%
lightpink4	54.5%	37.3%	39.6%	97.7%	31.7%	54.5%
black	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
gray1	1.2%	1.2%	1.2%	0.0%	0.0%	1.2%
gray2	2.0%	2.0%	2.0%	0.0%	0.0%	2.0%
gray3	3.1%	3.1%	3.1%	0.0%	0.0%	3.1%
gray4	3.9%	3.9%	3.9%	0.0%	0.0%	3.9%
gray5	5.1%	5.1%	5.1%	0.0%	0.0%	5.1%
gray6	5.9%	5.9%	5.9%	0.0%	0.0%	5.9%
gray7	7.1%	7.1%	7.1%	0.0%	0.0%	7.1%
gray8	7.8%	7.8%	7.8%	0.0%	0.0%	7.8%
gray9	9.0%	9.0%	9.0%	0.0%	0.0%	9.0%
gray10	10.2%	10.2%	10.2%	0.0%	0.0%	10.2%
gray11	11.0%	11.0%	11.0%	0.0%	0.0%	11.0%
gray12	12.2%	12.2%	12.2%	0.0%	0.0%	12.2%
gray13	12.9%	12.9%	12.9%	0.0%	0.0%	12.9%
gray14	14.1%	14.1%	14.1%	0.0%	0.0%	14.1%
gray15	14.9%	14.9%	14.9%	0.0%	0.0%	14.9%
gray16	16.1%	16.1%	16.1%	0.0%	0.0%	16.1%
gray17	16.9%	16.9%	16.9%	0.0%	0.0%	16.9%
gray18	18.0%	18.0%	18.0%	0.0%	0.0%	18.0%
gray19	18.8%	18.8%	18.8%	0.0%	0.0%	18.8%
gray20	20.0%	20.0%	20.0%	0.0%	0.0%	20.0%
gray21	21.2%	21.2%	21.2%	0.0%	0.0%	21.2%
gray22	22.0%	22.0%	22.0%	0.0%	0.0%	22.0%
gray23	23.1%	23.1%	23.1%	0.0%	0.0%	23.1%
gray24	23.9%	23.9%	23.9%	0.0%	0.0%	23.9%
gray25	25.1%	25.1%	25.1%	0.0%	0.0%	25.1%
gray26	25.9%	25.9%	25.9%	0.0%	0.0%	25.9%
gray27	27.1%	27.1%	27.1%	0.0%	0.0%	27.1%
gray28	27.8%	27.8%	27.8%	0.0%	0.0%	27.8%
gray29	29.0%	29.0%	29.0%	0.0%	0.0%	29.0%
gray30	30.2%	30.2%	30.2%	0.0%	0.0%	30.2%
gray31	31.0%	31.0%	31.0%	0.0%	0.0%	31.0%
gray32	32.2%	32.2%	32.2%	0.0%	0.0%	32.2%
gray33	32.9%	32.9%	32.9%	0.0%	0.0%	32.9%
gray34	34.1%	34.1%	34.1%	0.0%	0.0%	34.1%
gray35	34.9%	34.9%	34.9%	0.0%	0.0%	34.9%
gray36	36.1%	36.1%	36.1%	0.0%	0.0%	36.1%
gray37	36.9%	36.9%	36.9%	0.0%	0.0%	36.9%
gray38	38.0%	38.0%	38.0%	0.0%	0.0%	38.0%
gray39	38.8%	38.8%	38.8%	0.0%	0.0%	38.8%
gray40	40.0%	40.0%	40.0%	0.0%	0.0%	40.0%
dimgray	41.2%	41.2%	41.2%	0.0%	0.0%	41.2%
gray42	42.0%	42.0%	42.0%	0.0%	0.0%	42.0%
gray43	43.1%	43.1%	43.1%	0.0%	0.0%	43.1%
gray44	43.9%	43.9%	43.9%	0.0%	0.0%	43.9%
gray45	45.1%	45.1%	45.1%	0.0%	0.0%	45.1%
gray46	45.9%	45.9%	45.9%	0.0%	0.0%	45.9%
gray47	47.1%	47.1%	47.1%	0.0%	0.0%	47.1%
gray48	47.8%	47.8%	47.8%	0.0%	0.0%	47.8%
gray49	49.0%	49.0%	49.0%	0.0%	0.0%	49.0%
gray50	49.8%	49.8%	49.8%	0.0%	0.0%	49.8%
webgray	50.2%	50.2%	50.2%	0.0%	0.0%	50.2%
gray51	51.0%	51.0%	51.0%	0.0%	0.0%	51.0%
gray52	52.2%	52.2%	52.2%	0.0%	0.0%	52.2%
gray53	52.9%	52.9%	52.9%	0.0%	0.0%	52.9%
gray54	54.1%	54.1%	54.1%	0.0%	0.0%	54.1%
gray55	54.9%	54.9%	54.9%	0.0%	0.0%	54.9%
gray56	56.1%	56.1%	56.1%	0.0%	0.0%	56.1%
gray57	56.9%	56.9%	56.9%	0.0%	0.0%	56.9%
gray58	58.0%	58.0%	58.0%	0.0%	0.0%	58.0%
gray59	58.8%	58.8%	58.8%	0.0%	0.0%	58.8%
gray60	60.0%	60.0%	60.0%	0.0%	0.0%	60.0%
gray61	61.2%	61.2%	61.2%	0.0%	0.0%	61.2%
gray62	62.0%	62.0%	62.0%	0.0%	0.0%	62.0%
gray63	63.1%	63.1%	63.1%	0.0%	0.0%	63.1%
gray64	63.9%	63.9%	63.9%	0.0%	0.0%	63.9%
gray65	65.1%	65.1%	65.1%	0.0%	0.0%	65.1%
gray66	65.9%	65.9%	65.9%	0.0%	0.0%	65.9%
darkgray	66.3%	66.3%	66.3%	0.0%	0.0%	66.3%
gray67	67.1%	67.1%	67.1%	0.0%	0.0%	67.1%
gray68	67.8%	67.8%	67.8%	0.0%	0.0%	67.8%
gray69	69.0%	69.0%	69.0%	0.0%	0.0%	69.0%
gray70	70.2%	70.2%	70.2%	0.0%	0.0%	70.2%
gray71	71.0%	71.0%	71.0%	0.0%	0.0%	71.0%
gray72	72.2%	72.2%	72.2%	0.0%	0.0%	72.2%
gray73	72.9%	72.9%	72.9%	0.0%	0.0%	72.9%
gray74	74.1%	74.1%	74.1%	0.0%	0.0%	74.1%
gray	74.5%	74.5%	74.5%	0.0%	0.0%	74.5%
gray75	74.9%	74.9%	74.9%	0.0%	0.0%	74.9%
silver	75.3%	75.3%	75.3%	0.0%	0.0%	75.3%
gray76	76.1%	76.1%	76.1%	0.0%	0.0%	76.1%
gray77	76.9%	76.9%	76.9%	0.0%	0.0%	76.9%
gray78	78.0%	78.0%	78.0%	0.0%	0.0%	78.0%
gray79	78.8%	78.8%	78.8%	0.0%	0.0%	78.8%
gray80	80.0%	80.0%	80.0%	0.0%	0.0%	80.0%
gray81	81.2%	81.2%	81.2%	0.0%	0.0%	81.2%
gray82	82.0%	82.0%	82.0%	0.0%	0.0%	82.0%
lightgray	82.7%	82.7%	82.7%	0.0%	0.0%	82.7%
gray83	83.1%	83.1%	83.1%	0.0%	0.0%	83.1%
gray84	83.9%	83.9%	83.9%	0.0%	0.0%	83.9%
gray85	85.1%	85.1%	85.1%	0.0%	0.0%	85.1%
gray86	85.9%	85.9%	85.9%	0.0%	0.0%	85.9%
gainsboro	86.3%	86.3%	86.3%	0.0%	0.0%	86.3%
gray87	87.1%	87.1%	87.1%	0.0%	0.0%	87.1%
gray88	87.8%	87.8%	87.8%	0.0%	0.0%	87.8%
gray89	89.0%	89.0%	89.0%	0.0%	0.0%	89.0%
gray90	89.8%	89.8%	89.8%	0.0%	0.0%	89.8%
gray91	91.0%	91.0%	91.0%	0.0%	0.0%	91.0%
gray92	92.2%	92.2%	92.2%	0.0%	0.0%	92.2%
gray93	92.9%	92.9%	92.9%	0.0%	0.0%	92.9%
gray94	94.1%	94.1%	94.1%	0.0%	0.0%	94.1%
gray95	94.9%	94.9%	94.9%	0.0%	0.0%	94.9%
gray96	96.1%	96.1%	96.1%	0.0%	0.0%	96.1%
gray97	96.9%	96.9%	96.9%	0.0%	0.0%	96.9%
gray98	98.0%	98.0%	98.0%	0.0%	0.0%	98.0%
gray99	98.8%	98.8%	98.8%	0.0%	0.0%	98.8%
gray100	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	100.0%

256 Colors¶

The built-in capability color() accepts a numeric index of any value between 0 and 254, I guess you could call this “Color by number…”, it not recommended, there are many common cases where the colors do not match across terminals!

16 Colors¶

Recommended for common CLI applications.

Traditional terminals are only capable of 8 colors:

black
red
green
yellow
blue
magenta
cyan
white

Prefixed with on_, the given color is used as the background color:

on_black
on_red
on_green
on_yellow
on_blue
on_magenta
on_cyan
on_white

The same colors, prefixed with bright_ or bold_, such as bright_blue, provides the other 8 colors of a 16-color terminal:

bright_black
bright_red
bright_green
bright_yellow
bright_blue
bright_magenta
bright_cyan
bright_white

Combined, there are actually three shades of grey for 16-color terminals, in ascending order of intensity:

bright_black: is dark grey.
white: a mild white.
bright_white: pure white (#ffffff).

Note

bright_black is actually a very dark shade of grey!
yellow is brown, only high-intensity yellow (bright_yellow) is yellow!
purple is magenta.

Warning

Terminal emulators use different values for any of these 16 colors, the most common of these are displayed at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#3/4_bit. Users can customize these 16 colors as a common “theme”, so that one CLI application appears of the same color theme as the next.

When exact color values are needed, 24-bit Colors should be preferred, by their name or RGB value.

Monochrome¶

One small consideration for targeting legacy terminals, such as a vt220, which do not support colors but do support reverse video: select a foreground color, followed by reverse video, rather than selecting a background color directly:: the same desired background color effect as on_background:

>>>  print(term.on_green('This will not standout on a vt220'))
>>>  print(term.green_reverse('Though some terminals standout more than others'))

The second phrase appears as black on green on both color terminals and a green monochrome vt220.

Keyboard¶

The built-in function input() (or raw_input()) is pretty good for a basic game:

name = input("What is your name? ")
if sum(map(ord, name)) % 2:
    print(f"{name}?! What a beautiful name!")
else:
    print(f"How interesting, {name} you say?")

But it has drawbacks – it’s no good for interactive apps! This function will not return until the return key is pressed, so we can’t do any exciting animations, and we can’t understand or detect arrow keys and others required to make awesome, interactive apps and games!

Blessed fixes this issue with a context manager, cbreak(), and a single function for all keyboard input, inkey().

inkey()¶

Let’s just dive right into a rich “event loop”, that awaits a keypress for 3 seconds and tells us what key we pressed.

print(f"{term.home}{term.black_on_skyblue}{term.clear}")
print("press 'q' to quit.")
with term.cbreak():
    val = ''
    while val.lower() != 'q':
        val = term.inkey(timeout=3)
        if not val:
           print("It sure is quiet in here ...")
        elif val.is_sequence:
           print("got sequence: {0}.".format((str(val), val.name, val.code)))
        elif val:
           print("got {0}.".format(val))
    print(f'bye!{term.normal}')

A visual example of interacting with the Terminal.inkey() and cbreak() methods.

cbreak() enters a special mode that ensures os.read() on an input stream will return as soon as input is available, as explained in cbreak(3). This mode is combined with inkey() to decode multibyte sequences, such as \0x1bOA, into a unicode-derived Keystroke instance.

The Keystrok returned by inkey() is unicode – it may be printed, joined with, or compared to any other unicode strings. It also has these provides the special attributes:

is_sequence (bool): Whether it is an “application” key.
code (int): the keycode, for equality testing.
name (str): a human-readable name of any “application” key.

Keycodes¶

When the is_sequence property tests True, the value of code represents a unique application key of the keyboard.

code may then be compared with attributes of Terminal, which are duplicated from those found in curses(3), or those constants in curses beginning with phrase KEY_, as follows:

All Terminal class attribute Keyboard codes, by name¶
Name	Value	Example Sequence(s)
KEY_BACKSPACE	263	‘\x08’, ‘\x7f’
KEY_BEGIN	354
KEY_BTAB	353
KEY_C1	351
KEY_C3	352
KEY_CANCEL	355
KEY_CATAB	342
KEY_CENTER	350
KEY_CLEAR	333
KEY_CLOSE	356
KEY_COMMAND	357
KEY_COPY	358
KEY_CREATE	359
KEY_CTAB	341
KEY_DELETE	330	‘\x1b[3~’
KEY_DL	328
KEY_DOWN	258	‘\x1b[B’, ‘\x1b[OB’
KEY_EIC	332
KEY_END	360	‘\x1b[F’, ‘\x1b[K’, ‘\x1b[8~’, ‘\x1b[OF’
KEY_ENTER	343	‘\n’, ‘\r’, ‘\x1bOM’
KEY_EOL	335
KEY_EOS	334
KEY_ESCAPE	361	‘\x1b’
KEY_F0	264
KEY_F1	265	‘\x1bOP’
KEY_F10	274
KEY_F11	275
KEY_F12	276
KEY_F13	277
KEY_F14	278
KEY_F15	279
KEY_F16	280
KEY_F17	281
KEY_F18	282
KEY_F19	283
KEY_F2	266	‘\x1bOQ’
KEY_F20	284
KEY_F21	285
KEY_F22	286
KEY_F23	287
KEY_F3	267	‘\x1bOR’
KEY_F4	268	‘\x1bOS’
KEY_F5	269
KEY_F6	270
KEY_F7	271
KEY_F8	272
KEY_F9	273
KEY_FIND	362	‘\x1b[1~’
KEY_HELP	363
KEY_HOME	262	‘\x1b[H’, ‘\x1b[7~’, ‘\x1b[OH’
KEY_IL	329
KEY_INSERT	331	‘\x1b[2~’
KEY_KP_0	520	‘\x1bOp’
KEY_KP_1	521	‘\x1bOq’
KEY_KP_2	522	‘\x1bOr’
KEY_KP_3	523	‘\x1bOs’
KEY_KP_4	524	‘\x1bOt’
KEY_KP_5	525	‘\x1bOu’
KEY_KP_6	526	‘\x1bOv’
KEY_KP_7	527	‘\x1bOw’
KEY_KP_8	528	‘\x1bOx’
KEY_KP_9	529	‘\x1bOy’
KEY_KP_ADD	514	‘\x1bOk’
KEY_KP_DECIMAL	517	‘\x1bOn’
KEY_KP_DIVIDE	518	‘\x1bOo’
KEY_KP_EQUAL	519	‘\x1bOX’
KEY_KP_MULTIPLY	513	‘\x1bOj’
KEY_KP_SEPARATOR	515	‘\x1bOl’
KEY_KP_SUBTRACT	516	‘\x1bOm’
KEY_LEFT	260	‘\x1b[D’, ‘\x1b[OD’
KEY_LL	347
KEY_MARK	364
KEY_MAX	511
KEY_MESSAGE	365
KEY_MIN	257
KEY_MOUSE	409
KEY_MOVE	366
KEY_NEXT	367
KEY_OPEN	368
KEY_OPTIONS	369
KEY_PGDOWN	338	‘\x1b[U’, ‘\x1b[6~’
KEY_PGUP	339	‘\x1b[V’, ‘\x1b[5~’
KEY_PREVIOUS	370
KEY_PRINT	346
KEY_REDO	371
KEY_REFERENCE	372
KEY_REFRESH	373
KEY_REPLACE	374
KEY_RESET	345
KEY_RESIZE	410
KEY_RESTART	375
KEY_RESUME	376
KEY_RIGHT	261	‘\x1b[C’, ‘\x1b[OC’
KEY_SAVE	377
KEY_SBEG	378
KEY_SCANCEL	379
KEY_SCOMMAND	380
KEY_SCOPY	381
KEY_SCREATE	382
KEY_SDC	383
KEY_SDL	384
KEY_SDOWN	336
KEY_SELECT	385	‘\x1b[4~’
KEY_SEND	386
KEY_SEOL	387
KEY_SEXIT	388
KEY_SFIND	389
KEY_SHELP	390
KEY_SHOME	391
KEY_SIC	392
KEY_SLEFT	393
KEY_SMESSAGE	394
KEY_SMOVE	395
KEY_SNEXT	396
KEY_SOPTIONS	397
KEY_SPREVIOUS	398
KEY_SPRINT	399
KEY_SREDO	400
KEY_SREPLACE	401
KEY_SRESET	344
KEY_SRIGHT	402
KEY_SRSUME	403
KEY_SSAVE	404
KEY_SSUSPEND	405
KEY_STAB	340
KEY_SUNDO	406
KEY_SUP	337
KEY_SUSPEND	407
KEY_TAB	512	‘\t’
KEY_UNDO	408
KEY_UP	259	‘\x1b[A’, ‘\x1b[OA’
KEY_UP_LEFT	348
KEY_UP_RIGHT	349

All such keystrokes can be decoded by blessed, there is a demonstration program, keymatrix.py that tests how many of them you can find !

delete¶

Typically, backspace is ^H (8, or 0x08) and delete is ^? (127, or 0x7f).

On some systems however, the key for backspace is actually labeled and transmitted as “delete”, though its function in the operating system behaves just as backspace. Blessed usually returns “backspace” in most situations.

It is highly recommend to accept both KEY_DELETE and KEY_BACKSPACE as having the same meaning except when implementing full screen editors, and provide a choice to enable the delete mode by configuration.

Alt/meta¶

Programs with GNU readline, like bash, have Alt combinators, such as ALT+u to uppercase the word after cursor. This is achieved by the configuration option altSendsEscape or metaSendsEscape in xterm.

The default for most terminals, however, is for this key to be bound by the operating system, or, used for inserting international keys, (where the combination ALT+u, a is used to insert the character ä).

It is therefore a recommendation to avoid alt or meta keys entirely in applications.

And instead prefer the ctrl-key combinations, maybe along with raw(), to avoid instructing users to custom-configure their terminal emulators to communicate Alt sequences.

If you still wish to optionall decode them, ALT+z becomes Escape + z (or, in raw form \x1bz). This is detected by blessings as two keystrokes, KEY_ESCAPE and 'z'. Blessings currently provides no further assistance in detecting these key combinations.

Location¶

If you just want to move the location of the cursor before writing text, and aren’t worried about returning, do something like this:

>>> print(term.home + term.clear)
>>> print(term.down(2) + term.move_right(20) + term.bright_red('fire!'))
>>> print(term.move_xy(20, 7) + term.bold('Direct hit!'))
>>> print(term.move_y(term.height - 3))

There are four direct movement capabilities:

move_xy(x, y): Position cursor at given x, y.
move_x(x): Position cursor at column x.
move_y(y): Position cursor at row y.
home: Position cursor at (0, 0).

And four relative capabilities:

move_up or move_up(y)

Position cursor 1 or y row cells above the current position.

move_down(y)

Position cursor 1 or y row cells below the current position.

Note

move_down or is often valued as \n, which additionally returns the carriage to: column 0, and, depending on your terminal emulator, may also destroy any characters to end of line.

move_down(1) is always a safe non-destructive one-notch movement in the downward direction.

move_left or move_left(x)

Position cursor 1 or x column cells left of the current position.

move_right or move_right(x)

Position cursor 1 or x column cells right of the current position.

Example¶

The source code of bounce.py combines a small bit of Keyboard input with many of the Terminal location capabilities, home, width, height, and move_xy are used to create a classic game of tennis:

# std imports
from math import floor

# local
from blessed import Terminal


def roundxy(x, y):
    return int(floor(x)), int(floor(y))


term = Terminal()

x, y, xs, ys = 2, 2, 0.4, 0.3
with term.cbreak(), term.hidden_cursor():
    # clear the screen
    print(term.home + term.black_on_olivedrab4 + term.clear)

    # loop every 20ms
    while term.inkey(timeout=0.02) != 'q':
        # erase,
        txt_erase = term.move_xy(*roundxy(x, y)) + ' '

        # bounce,
        if x >= (term.width - 1) or x <= 0:
            xs *= -1
        if y >= term.height or y <= 0:
            ys *= -1

        # move,
        x, y = x + xs, y + ys

        # draw !
        txt_ball = term.move_xy(*roundxy(x, y)) + '█'
        print(txt_erase + txt_ball, end='', flush=True)

Context Manager¶

A contextlib.contextmanager(), location() is provided to move the cursor to an (x, y) screen position and restore the previous position on exit:

with term.location(0, term.height - 1):
    print('Here is the bottom.')

print('This is back where I came from.')

All parameters to location() are optional, we can use it without any arguments at all to restore the cursor location:

with term.location():
    print(term.move_xy(1, 1) + 'Hi Mom!' + term.clear_eol)

Note

calls to location() may not be nested.

Finding The Cursor¶

We can determine the cursor’s current position at anytime using get_location().

This uses a kind of “answer back” sequence that your terminal emulator responds to. Because the terminal may not respond, or may take some time to respond, the timeout keyword argument can be specified to return coordinates (-1, -1) after a blocking timeout:

>>> term.get_location(timeout=5)
(32, 0)

The return value of get_location() mirrors the arguments of location():

with term.location(12, 12):
     val = term.get_location()
print(val)

Produces output, (12, 12)

Although this wouldn’t be suggested in most applications because of its latency, it certainly simplifies many applications, and, can also be timed, to make a determination of the round-trip time, perhaps even the bandwidth constraints, of a remote terminal!

Measuring¶

Any string containing sequences can be measured by blessed using the length() method. This means that blessed can measure, right-align, center, or word-wrap its own output!

The height and width properties always provide a current readout of the size of the window:

>>> term.height, term.width
(34, 102)

By combining the measure of the printable width of strings containing sequences with the terminal width, the center(), ljust(), rjust(), and wrap() methods “just work” for strings that contain sequences.

with term.location(y=term.height // 2):
    print(term.center(term.bold('press return to begin!')))
    term.inkey()

In the following example, wrap() word-wraps a short poem containing sequences:

from blessed import Terminal

term = Terminal()

poem = (term.bold_cyan('Plan difficult tasks'),
        term.cyan('through the simplest tasks'),
        term.bold_cyan('Achieve large tasks'),
        term.cyan('through the smallest tasks'))

for line in poem:
    print('\n'.join(term.wrap(line, width=25, subsequent_indent=' ' * 4)))

Resizing¶

To detect when the size of the window changes, you can author a callback for SIGWINCH signals:

import signal
from blessed import Terminal

term = Terminal()

def on_resize(sig, action):
    print(f'height={term.height}, width={term.width}')

signal.signal(signal.SIGWINCH, on_resize)

# wait for keypress
term.inkey()

A visual animated example of the on_resize() function callback

Note

This is not compatible with Windows! We hope to make a cross-platform API for this in the future https://github.com/jquast/blessed/issues/131.

Sometimes it is necessary to make sense of sequences, and to distinguish them from plain text. The split_seqs() method can allow us to iterate over a terminal string by its characters or sequences:

>>> term.split_seqs(term.bold('bbq'))
['\x1b[1m', 'b', 'b', 'q', '\x1b(B', '\x1b[m']

Will display something like, ['\x1b[1m', 'b', 'b', 'q', '\x1b(B', '\x1b[m']

Method strip_seqs() can remove all sequences from a string:

>>> phrase = term.bold_black('coffee')
>>> phrase
'\x1b[1m\x1b[30mcoffee\x1b(B\x1b[m'
>>> term.strip_seqs(phrase)
'coffee'

Examples¶

A few programs are provided with blessed to help interactively test the various API features, but also serve as examples of using blessed to develop applications.

These examples are not distributed with the package – they are only available in the github repository. You can retrieve them by cloning the repository, or simply downloading the “raw” file link.

x11_colorpicker.py, bounce.py, worms.py, and plasma.py.

bounce.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/editor.py

This is a very brief, basic primitive non-interactive version of a “classic tennis” video game. It demonstrates basic timed refresh of a bouncing terminal cell.

cnn.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/cnn.py

This program uses 3rd-party BeautifulSoup and requests library to fetch the cnn website and display news article titles using the link() method, so that they may be clicked.

detect-multibyte.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/detect-multibyte.py

This program also demonstrates how the get_location() method can be used to reliably test whether the terminal emulator of the connecting client is capable of rendering multibyte characters as a single cell.

editor.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/editor.py

This program demonstrates using the directional keys and noecho input mode. It acts as a (very dumb) fullscreen editor, with support for saving a file, as well as including a rudimentary line-editor.

keymatrix.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/keymatrix.py

This program displays a “gameboard” of all known special KEY_NAME constants. When the key is depressed, it is highlighted, as well as displaying the unicode sequence, integer code, and friendly-name of any key pressed.

on_resize.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/on_resize.py

This program installs a SIGWINCH signal handler, which detects screen resizes while also polling for input, displaying keypresses.

This demonstrates how a program can react to screen resize events.

plasma.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/plasma.py

This demonstrates using only on_color_rgb() and the built-in colorsys module to quickly display all of the colors of a rainbow in a classic demoscene plasma effect

progress_bar.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/progress_bar.py

This program demonstrates a simple progress bar. All text is written to stderr, to avoid the need to “flush” or emit newlines, and makes use of the move_x (hpa) capability to “overstrike” the display a scrolling progress bar.

resize.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/resize.py

This program demonstrates the get_location() method, behaving similar to resize(1) : set environment and terminal settings to current window size. The window size is determined by eliciting an answerback sequence from the connecting terminal emulator.

tprint.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/tprint.py

This program demonstrates how users may customize FormattingString styles. Accepting a string style, such as “bold” or “bright_red” as the first argument, all subsequent arguments are displayed by the given style. This shows how a program could provide user-customizable compound formatting names to configure a program’s styling.

worms.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/worms.py

This program demonstrates how an interactive game could be made with blessed. It is similar to NIBBLES.BAS or “snake” of early mobile platforms.

x11_colorpicker.py¶

https://github.com/jquast/blessed/blob/master/bin/x11_colorpicker.py

This program shows all of the X11 colors, demonstrates a basic keyboard-interactive program and color selection, but is also a useful utility to pick colors!

API Documentation¶

color.py¶

Sub-module providing color functions.

References,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_difference
http://www.easyrgb.com/en/math.php
Measuring Colour by R.W.G. Hunt and M.R. Pointer

rgb_to_xyz(red, green, blue)[source]¶

Convert standard RGB color to XYZ color.

Parameters:	red (int) – RGB value of Red. green (int) – RGB value of Green. blue (int) – RGB value of Blue.
Returns:	Tuple (X, Y, Z) representing XYZ color
Return type:	tuple

D65/2° standard illuminant

xyz_to_lab(x_val, y_val, z_val)[source]¶

Convert XYZ color to CIE-Lab color.

Parameters:	x_val (float) – XYZ value of X. y_val (float) – XYZ value of Y. z_val (float) – XYZ value of Z.
Returns:	Tuple (L, a, b) representing CIE-Lab color
Return type:	tuple

D65/2° standard illuminant

rgb_to_lab[source]¶

Convert RGB color to CIE-Lab color.

Parameters:	red (int) – RGB value of Red. green (int) – RGB value of Green. blue (int) – RGB value of Blue.
Returns:	Tuple (L, a, b) representing CIE-Lab color
Return type:	tuple

D65/2° standard illuminant

dist_rgb(rgb1, rgb2)[source]¶

Determine distance between two rgb colors.

Parameters:	rgb1 (tuple) – RGB color definition rgb2 (tuple) – RGB color definition
Returns:	Square of the distance between provided colors
Return type:	float

This works by treating RGB colors as coordinates in three dimensional space and finding the closest point within the configured color range using the formula:

d^2 = (r2 - r1)^2 + (g2 - g1)^2 + (b2 - b1)^2